Muscles of The Gluteal Region

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Musculus gluteus maximus (Gluteus maximus muscle) Origin: Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract Nerve: Inferior gluteal  (L5, S1, S2) Action:  The gluteus maximus muscle is a powerful extensor of a flexed femur at the hip joint and a lateral stabilizer of the hip joint: extends and rotates thigh laterally.

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Musculus gluteus medius (Gluteus medius muscle) Origin: Ilium between iliac crest, and anterior and posterior gluteal lines Insertion: Greater trochanter Nerve: Superior  gluteal (L4, L5, S1) Action:  The gluteus medius muscle abducts and medially rotates the femur at the hip joint. In addition, the gluteus medius holds the pelvis secure over the stance leg, preventing pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during gait: abducts and rotates thigh medially, stabilizes pelvis

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Musculus gluteus minimus (Gluteus minimus muscle) Origin: Ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines Insertion: Greater trochanter Nerve: Superior  gluteal (L4, L5, S1)/Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)  Action: The action of the gluteus minimus muscle is the same as that of the gluteus medius—it abducts the femur at the hip joint, holding the pelvis secure over the stance leg and preventing pelvic drop on the opposite swing side during gait and hip medial rotation: abducts and rotates thigh medially

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Musculus Tensor fasciae latae (Tensor fasciae latae muscle) Origin: Iliac crest, anterior-superior iliac spine Insertion: Iliotibial tract Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) Action: The main action of this muscle is to stabilize the knee in extension and in hip flexion: flexes, abducts, and rotates thigh medially

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